In the ongoing support program for artisans, La Peony Clothing has embarked on a mission to amplify their voices through research. This initiative aims to formally understand the artisan groups and their current status regarding their craft activities, as well as the impact these have on their economic and social development. Research serves as a valuable tool for generating new knowledge, which can be applied in the business world. Moreover, it benefits everyone involved by not only creating new models and theories around real-life situations but also helping to amplify the voices of vulnerable groups, like artisans.
As part of its research objectives, La Peony Clothing first sought to identify the predominant profiles among textile artisans in certain regions of Oaxaca, particularly in Santo Tomás Jalieza and San Pedro Cajonos, communities with which it has collaborated for years. The second goal was to explore their professionalization needs in order to propose potential solutions and support programs that could help them grow professionally and enhance their businesses.
The research methodology employed was exploratory and qualitative, utilizing in-depth interview techniques. The key questions guiding this work included:
- How many years have you dedicated to textile craftsmanship?
- What is your average monthly income from this activity, and how do you primarily use this income?
- Do you believe this artisanal craft can be taught? If so, what would be the level of difficulty, the time required, and the resources needed?
- What types of government support have you received throughout your career as artisans?
- Are you aware of laws that protect your rights as artisans and your artisanal work?
- What are your thoughts on the discussions surrounding laws related to artisans and your craft?
- What support do you need to continue developing your craft and enhance your sales and income?
- What are the demographic details of the artisans to better understand their profiles?
Understanding the craftsmanship phenomenon is essential, especially in regions where people's livelihoods depend on this activity. Handicrafts showcase a vibrant array of skills that reflect the diverse ethnic and cultural makeup of these communities. However, industrially-produced goods often overshadow the contributions of artisans. As industries evolve, they are increasingly turning to the creative proposals of artisans, highlighting the importance of their work (Betancourt et al., 2020).
Craftsmanship represents one of the non-agricultural activities that can diversify rural household economies (Forstner, 2013).
The fieldwork for this research began with the presentation of the project proposal to the artisans. In prior meetings, the objectives and potential benefits of the research were explained in detail, emphasizing the value of these findings once published.
La Peony Clothing aims not only to enhance artisans' professional development through these initiatives but also to broaden the understanding of these artisan communities and their current challenges. This knowledge can lead to strategies that add real value to the efforts these groups already make to keep traditions alive while transforming their skills into a formal income source for themselves and their families.
The study sample for La Unión de Artesanos de Santo Tomás Jalieza comprised 29 women artisans, and here are some key findings from their profiles:
- The average age of the artisans is 52, with ages ranging from 30 to 72. Notably, 40% are over 60.
- Most artisans (60%) are married, while 20% are widowed and 20% are separated or living together.
- A majority (80%) have children, averaging two per artisan, with some having grandchildren and great-grandchildren.
- The average monthly income is approximately 3,500 pesos, with significant variation from 2,000 to 5,000 pesos, primarily used for basic needs such as food, housing, children's education, and family expenses.
- On average, artisans have dedicated 42 years to their craft, with experience ranging from 11 to 67 years.
- Most artisans (80%) do not have an additional occupation besides crafting textiles, with some participating in household chores or agricultural activities.
- In terms of education, most artisans have attended primary or secondary school, with 20% having a high school diploma, indicating limited access to higher education.
- Government support: 80% of artisans report not receiving significant government assistance, aside from occasional and limited support (such as that from FONAR), highlighting a critical need for improvement.
As seen in previous interactions with these artisans, they often pass their skills down to their children and grandchildren, revealing a family tradition in the craft. Although teaching tourists occasionally occurs, this particular group, along with the wider community, restricts teaching their craft to outsiders to protect their work from imitation and preserve their traditions as integral to their identity in Santo Tomás Jalieza.
When it comes to government support, the lack of substantial assistance poses a significant challenge for the artisans. This limited support hinders their business growth and negatively impacts their living conditions. To address this issue, it is recommended to investigate existing support programs and propose new initiatives aimed at improving their situation.
Another concern highlighted by the high percentage of artisans over the age of 60 is the urgent need to encourage younger generations to enter the craft. This could be achieved through training and skill development programs. The variability in monthly income reflects market uncertainty and underscores the necessity to explore strategies that could increase earnings, such as diversifying products and enhancing marketing techniques. It's essential to recognize that the work of these artisans represents a valuable cultural heritage that deserves protection and promotion. Strategies should be implemented to improve their visibility and recognition in the marketplace.
Building on these initial findings, it is crucial to delve deeper into key issues, such as the availability and effectiveness of government support programs for textile artisans. Designing training and development programs for the new generation of artisans, which include business management and marketing aspects, is vital. Additionally, improving the marketing of their products could involve creating a collective brand or gaining access to online sales platforms. Encouraging participation in fairs and events can also enhance their visibility and showcase their incredible work.
This analysis offers an overview of the current situation facing textile artisans. A more in-depth examination would require additional data and a more robust methodology.
La Peony Clothing expresses its gratitude for the active and committed participation of all the artisans who collaborated and shared insights into their lives. This engagement helps us convey to our customers the importance and impact of their purchases.
References
Betancourt Guerrero, B., Espinal Ruiz, D. J., & Calero, G. S. (2020). Organizational characterization of craftsmanship in northern of Valle del Cauca. Cuadernos de Administración, 36(67), 4–15. https://doi.org/10.25100/cdea. v36i67.8730
Forstner, K. (2013). La artesanía como estrategia de desarrollo rural: el caso de los grupos de artesanas en la región de Puno (Perú). Cuadernos de Desarrollo Rural, 10(72), 141–158.
MIL-OSI Economics: Stitching stories: a digital ode to Mexico's textile artisans. (2023, November 10). ForeignAffairs.co.nz, NA. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A772247182/STND?u=itesmgic&sid=ebsco&xid=5ca386b2
Caston, L. (2019). Women of the Cloth. Selvedge, 89, 36–38.
